A
computer is a programmable
machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem.
Conventionally a computer consists of some form of
memory for data storage, at least one element that carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control element that can change the order of operations based on the information that is stored. Peripheral devices allow information to be entered from external source, and allow the results of operations to be sent out.
A computer's processing unit executes series of instructions that make it read, manipulate and then store
data. Conditional instructions change the sequence of instructions as a function of the current state of the machine or its environment.
The first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). Originally, they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern
personal computers (PCs).
[1]
Modern computers based on
integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space.
[2] Simple computers are small enough to fit into
mobile devices,
mobile computers can be powered by small
batteries. Personal computers in their various forms are
icons of the
Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the
embedded computers found in many devices from
MP3 players to
fighter aircraft and from
toys to
industrial robots are the most numerous
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